Mauritania Currency: Everything About the Ouguiya
If you’re planning a trip to Mauritania, relocating there, or simply curious about West African currencies, the Mauritanian ouguiya is worth understanding. Unlike most global currencies, the ouguiya doesn’t divide into hundredths. Instead, it splits into 5 khoums—a system that has remained culturally consistent for decades. But in 2018, Mauritania made one of its most significant monetary decisions in 45 years: redenominating the ouguiya from MRO to MRU and dividing its value by 10. This change reshaped how the currency works today.
This guide covers everything you need to know: the currency’s history, how it’s used, current denominations, exchange rates, and practical tips for handling money in Mauritania.
Ouguiya at a Glance
| Property | Details |
|---|---|
| Currency Name | Ouguiya (plural: ouguiyas) |
| ISO Code | MRU (old code: MRO, used until 2018) |
| Symbol | UM (Unité Monétaire) |
| Subdivision | 5 khoums = 1 ouguiya |
| Central Bank | Banque Centrale de Mauritanie (BCM) |
| Issued Since | 1973 |
| Redenominated | January 5, 2018 (1 new MRU = 10 old MRO) |
The ouguiya is Mauritania’s sole legal tender. Its name derives from the historical weight of gold used in West African trade, reflecting centuries of commercial tradition in the Sahel region.
A Brief History of the Mauritanian Ouguiya
Independence and Currency Creation (1973)
Mauritania gained independence from France in 1960, but didn’t establish its own currency until 1973. Before that, the country used the CFA franc—the currency of former French colonies. The decision to create the ouguiya marked a significant step toward monetary sovereignty and national identity.
The original ouguiya (MRO) remained virtually unchanged for 45 years, maintaining a fixed peg to the IMF’s special drawing rights (SDR) while allowing some flexibility for market forces. This stability made it one of Africa’s more predictable currencies.
The 2018 Redenomination: MRO to MRU
On January 5, 2018, Mauritania redenominated its currency—a dramatic but carefully planned transformation. The Central Bank of Mauritania (Banque Centrale de Mauritanie, or BCM) divided the ouguiya’s value by 10, converting MRO to MRU at a rate of 1 new MRU = 10 old MRO.
Why the reform?
The old ouguiya had suffered decades of inflation. A single ouguiya was worth so little that it made arithmetic cumbersome in everyday transactions. By 2018, 1 USD equaled roughly 365 MRO. The redenomination reset this to approximately 36-37 MRU per dollar, making prices and calculations simpler for merchants and citizens alike.
The transition was mandatory: the BCM exchanged old banknotes and coins for new ones through commercial banks and the central bank itself. Old MRO notes and coins are no longer legal tender in Mauritania, though some collectors still hold them.
Mauritanian Banknotes and Coins in Circulation
Current Banknotes (MRU)
The BCM issues banknotes in the following denominations, each featuring distinct colors and Mauritanian cultural motifs:
| Denomination | Color Scheme | Primary Motif |
|---|---|---|
| 100 MRU | Brown/tan | National emblem and historic figures |
| 500 MRU | Green | Saharan landscapes and trade heritage |
| 1,000 MRU | Blue | Bedouin culture and camel herding |
| 2,000 MRU | Red/pink | Mauritanian independence and sovereignty |
| 5,000 MRU | Purple | Modern Mauritania and development |
Banknotes include advanced security features: watermarks, color-shifting inks, microprinting, and security threads designed to prevent counterfeiting.
Coins in Circulation
Coins are less commonly used in everyday transactions, particularly for larger purchases. The most frequent denominations are:
- 1 MRU (subdivided into 5 khoums)
- 5 MRU
- 10 MRU
- 20 MRU
Coins feature the national emblem, Arabic inscriptions, and symbolic designs. Many traders and residents prefer banknotes for practicality.
The Central Bank of Mauritania (BCM)
The Banque Centrale de Mauritanie (BCM) is Mauritania’s monetary authority. Established in 1973 alongside the ouguiya, the BCM manages:
- Currency issuance: Design, production, and circulation of banknotes and coins
- Exchange rate policy: The ouguiya floats within a managed range against international currencies
- Monetary policy: Interest rates, inflation control, and financial stability
- Daily rate publication: The BCM publishes official exchange rates each business day
For current exchange rates and official monetary policy announcements, consult the BCM’s official website. The central bank also manages foreign exchange reserves and coordinates with international financial institutions like the IMF.
Exchange Rate Transparency
The BCM publishes daily reference rates for major currency pairs, including USD, EUR, and XOF (West African CFA franc). However, street rates and bank rates often differ slightly from official rates. Always verify current rates before exchanging large sums.
Today’s Exchange Rates
The Mauritanian ouguiya trades against major global currencies. While rates fluctuate daily based on market conditions, here are the primary pairs to monitor:
| Currency Pair | Typical Range | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| 1 USD to MRU | 36–38 MRU | Most stable and most relevant for travelers |
| 1 EUR to MRU | 39–42 MRU | Secondary reference for European travelers |
| 1 GBP to MRU | 45–48 MRU | Less common, but used in Commonwealth contexts |
| 1 XOF to MRU | 0.06–0.07 MRU | West African regional currency (CFA franc) |
| 1 MAD to MRU | 3.5–4.0 MRU | Moroccan dirham; relevant for cross-Sahel trade |
For real-time rates, visit our Ouguiya Currency Converter or check the BCM’s daily rate publication.
Disclaimer: Exchange rates are indicative and change throughout the day. Consult your bank or a licensed money changer for exact rates at the time of transaction.
Using Money in Mauritania: Practical Reality
Cash Dominates
Mauritania remains a largely cash-based economy. Credit cards, debit cards, and digital payments are available in Nouakchott and major cities, but unreliable elsewhere. Always carry physical ouguiyas—it’s the safest, most practical approach.
ATMs exist in Nouakchott and regional capitals, but they’re sparse. Plan accordingly and don’t rely solely on card withdrawals.
Mobile Money is Growing
Services like Chinguitel Mobile and Chinguitel allow money transfers via mobile phones, and they’re increasingly popular among urban Mauritanians. However, acceptance for direct retail payment remains limited. Use mobile money primarily for peer-to-peer transfers.
Negotiation is Cultural
In markets (souks) and informal vendors, prices are often negotiable. Quoted prices aren’t always final, especially for larger purchases. Negotiating respectfully is part of the trading tradition.
Costs and Pricing
Mauritania is inexpensive by global standards. Budget accommodations cost 3,000–6,000 MRU per night; meals at local restaurants run 1,500–3,000 MRU. Tourist-oriented establishments charge significantly more.
Exchanging Money in Mauritania
Official Channels
Central Bank (BCM): The most reliable source for currency exchange. Located in Nouakchott, the BCM exchanges foreign currency at official rates. Processing takes 1–2 hours; bring your passport and a small fee is typical.
Commercial Banks: Mauritania’s major banks (Banque Mauritanienne de l’Investissement, Générale Banque Mauritanie, and others) exchange currency for clients. Non-clients may face higher fees or stricter verification requirements.
Bureaux de Change: Licensed money changers operate in Nouakchott, Atar, and other cities. They’re faster than banks but charges vary widely. Always compare rates before committing.
Informal Market
Street changers exist in major markets and tourist areas. While they move quickly and might offer slightly better rates, the risks are higher: counterfeits, disputes over amounts, and potential crime. Only exchange with trusted contacts or formal establishments.
Before You Arrive
If traveling to Mauritania, exchange some currency before departure (at your home bank) to cover initial expenses. Having small amounts of USD or EUR on arrival makes airport exchanges easier, even if rates are less favorable.
Frequently Asked Questions About Mauritania’s Currency
What is the currency of Mauritania?
The Mauritanian ouguiya (MRU) is the sole legal currency. One ouguiya divides into 5 khoums. The currency code is MRU (changed from MRO in 2018).
How much is 1 USD in Mauritanian ouguiya?
Exchange rates fluctuate daily. As of April 2026, 1 USD equals approximately 36–37 MRU, but always check current rates with the BCM or a bank before exchanging. Use our converter for up-to-date figures.
Why did Mauritania change its currency code from MRO to MRU?
In January 2018, the Central Bank redenominated the ouguiya by dividing its value by 10. This wasn’t a currency replacement but a value reset to simplify transactions after decades of inflation. The old MRO notes and coins were exchanged for new MRU equivalents. The new code, MRU, distinguishes the redenominated currency.
Can I use ouguiyas outside Mauritania?
The ouguiya is rarely accepted outside Mauritania. Exchange it back to your home currency or USD/EUR before leaving. Major international airports offer exchange services, though rates may be unfavorable.
Where is the safest place to exchange money in Mauritania?
Commercial banks and licensed bureaux de change in Nouakchott are safest. The Central Bank (BCM) offers the most transparent rates. Avoid street exchangers unless recommended by trusted locals.
What coins and banknotes are currently used?
Banknotes come in 100, 500, 1,000, 2,000, and 5,000 MRU denominations. Coins (1, 5, 10, 20 MRU) are less common in daily use. The 100 and 500 MRU notes are most frequent for everyday transactions.
How do I send money to Mauritania?
International money transfer services (Western Union, MoneyGram, bank transfers) work, but fees are high and exchange rates unfavorable. For detailed guidance, see our guide to sending money to Mauritania.
Key Takeaways
- The Mauritanian ouguiya (MRU) is Mauritania’s currency, issued by the Central Bank of Mauritania (BCM).
- Redenominated in 2018: The old MRO was divided by 10 to create the new MRU, simplifying transactions.
- No centimes: The ouguiya divides into 5 khoums, a unique feature among global currencies.
- Cash-based economy: Carry ouguiyas for most transactions. ATMs and cards are limited.
- Current rate: Roughly 36–37 MRU per USD (check daily for current rates).
- Exchange carefully: Use banks or licensed changers; avoid unofficial dealers when possible.
- Negotiation is normal: In markets, prices are often flexible—expect to haggle respectfully.
Whether you’re visiting Nouakchott for business, relocating to the Sahel, or simply expanding your knowledge of West African currencies, understanding the ouguiya gives you practical confidence and cultural insight. The currency reflects Mauritania’s unique position between Arab, African, and Francophone worlds.
Data Sources: Central Bank of Mauritania (BCM), IMF World Economic Outlook, historical currency records. Exchange rates are indicative and subject to change. Consult current BCM rates for transactions.
Last Updated: April 4, 2026